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Pingli County, Ankang City, Shaanxi Province
Fifteen kilometers west of Pingli County, Ankang City, Shaanxi Province, there is a Nüwa Mountain, known in ancient times as Zhonghuang Mountain. It is said to be the seat of the Nüwa clan, one of the three emperors of the ancient times, and it is the place where Nüwa refines stones to replenish the heavens, and the mountain is named after it. Nüwa Mountain is 984 meters above sea level and covers an area of more than 60 square kilometers. The mountains are covered with red pines, the vegetation is rich, and the seasons are lush. Climbing to the top of Nüwa Mountain, you can watch the sunrise of Nüwa and look for the sea of clouds in Nüwa, which makes people feel relaxed and happy, and there are many emotions. Nüwa Songtao can evoke your recollection of historical changes, Nüwa Mountain has Nüwa Temple ruins and the tomb of the prince, and can also appreciate the scenery of the Lanzhou Air Force Nüwa Mountain Radar Station, Nüwa Mountain with a good natural environment and a unique cultural landscape with Nüwa culture as the pillar, has been greatly concerned and highly valued by all walks of life, many people of insight have come to investigate, study and sightsee.
Chinese name
Nüwa Mountain
geographical location
It is 15 kilometers west of the city of Pingli County, Ankang City, Shaanxi Province
Climatic conditions
Humid monsoon climate on the subtropical continent
Ticket prices
gratis
Footprint
More than 60 square kilometers
Places of interest
Nüwa Temple, Longtou Village, Pipa Island
9367 played
Pingli County, Shaanxi Province[1] 15 kilometers west of the city there is a 988-meter-above sea level Nüwa Mountain, ancient known as Zhonghuang Mountain, a unique peak, because of the Nüwa Palace and named Nüwa Mountain. There is a temple of Nüwa built on the mountain, which is magnificent and has a variety of temples.
In the Shang Dynasty, Pingli was a fiefdom of the Daba Mountain tribe Luoliangguo; At the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, Liang accompanied King Wu of Zhou to destroy the merchants, so he had to attack the old land and build the capital Shangliang, and Pingli was still under the rule of the Liang Kingdom. The Five Dynasties Shu Du Guangting's "Record of Alien Records" is the earliest historical record of the Nüwa Temple in Pingli. Fangzhou is now adjacent to Pingli Hubei Fang County, during the Western Jin Dynasty Pingli was under the jurisdiction of Fangzhou, "Shangyong Jie" is now Pingli, so the history of Nuwa Temple in Pingli has a long history.
In Tang Liyu's "The Book of Unique Differences", "If Heaven sends my brother and sister as husband and wife, and the smoke is combined, if not, the smoke will disperse." The record of "Unity in Smoke" has similarities with the legend of the local people "rolling for marriage". Not far northeast of Nüwa Mountain, there is a ravine named "Mogou", which is named after the legend of Fuxi Nüwa's brothers and sisters "rolling milling into marriage".
In the article "Huainanzi Astronomical Training", "The pillar of heaven is broken, and the earth is absolutely extinct... After the so-called "pillar of heaven" of "Nuwa chopping her feet to support the heavens" is broken, the sky will collapse, and Nüwa will then "cut her feet to support the heavens" and use the "pillar" to support the heavens. Later, Nuwa mined five-colored stones in Nanshan to "repair the heavens and repair the holes" and reinforced them with gold nails, so that today there are colorful clouds in the sky and stars in the night sky. Fifty or sixty kilometers southeast of Ankang from Pingli, there is a majestic mountain called "Tianzhu Mountain", which is said to have evolved from Aozu.
The location of the Nüwa Refining Stone Patch is also in the present-day Nüwa Mountain. Nüwa Mountain is located at the southern end of the Qinling Mountains, the northern foothills of Daba Mountain, located at the junction of Shaanxi, Hubei and Chongqing provinces and cities, Wuhua Tianbao, outstanding people, and has always been a place that soldiers must take. Judging from the geographical location of Nüwa to stop the Battle of Yanhuang, the Yellow Emperor lived in the Yellow Dragon of Weibei and the Yan Emperor lived in the Shenlong Frame of Western Hubei, and the location between the two was the Pingli Nüwa Mountain.
500 meters south of the peak where the Nüwa Temple is located, there is a mountain called "Partial Head Mountain". According to the local people, at that time, after the completion of the refining stone, Nüwa struggled to lift the stone to make up for the sky, and the first foot was too strong, and the mountain was crooked to the south side of the mountain, so it was named "Partial Head Mountain", and it is said that the footprints of Nüwa were left on the mountain. This mountain is now the responsibility of the villagers of Qili Village in Nüwashan Township, and the legendary footprints have been reclaimed and planted trees. Nüwa stepped on the Zhonghuang Mountain for the second time, razed the west side of the mountain to the ground, and then built the Nüwa Temple on the flat ground, and the Zhonghuang Mountain was named Nüwa Mountain because of the temple.
Nüwa Temple is located in Qili Village, Nüwa Mountain Township. According to the local people, the Nüwa Temple in the early liberation period was very large and magnificent, and it was the first temple in Pingli, with four gates, more than 100 rooms, and three floors of the hall, so it was also called "Santai Temple"; There are more than 20 monks and a number of laymen living in the temple. However, after experiencing many disasters such as war, land reform, and the Cultural Revolution, only one main hall and the remnants of the "Pingxin Gate" remain.
Regarding the spectacular scene of the Nüwa Temple when it was well preserved, the author specially interviewed the 85-year-old Wang Daofang of Hejiagou Village, Zhang Youzhong, the 74-year-old retired teacher of the most cultured elder of Hejiagou Village, and He Zhongshan, 46, the only temple keeper of the Nüwa Temple.
According to legend, Nüwa mined the five-colored stone refining of the Nanshan Mountains of Jinzhou (now Ankang) to replenish the heavens, saving the people from water and fire, and from then on the people were Kangtai, and the wind and rain were smooth. Nuwa built a land temple in this area to teach the people of Nanshan to plant mulberry silkworms, take silk and spinning silk, and benefit the people. In order to worship the virtuous and holy virtues of Nuwa, the local people converted the land temple into a Nüwa temple to offer incense and worship. In order to praise Nüwa's merits in "making up the heavens", the Xia Dynasty began to build the Baoling Temple in Nüwa Mountain, which was later changed to the Temple of the Emperor of China and the Temple of Nüwa, and the incense was extremely high. "Lu Shi" Yun: "Nüwa was first ruled by Zhonghuang Mountain, followed by Li Mountain, Zhonghuang Mountain is Nüwa Mountain, there is a rooftop Dingzhi, and now the Nüwa Temple is built." Since the Tang and Song dynasties, the Nüwa Temple has undergone renovation and expansion, especially after the reconstruction in the first year of the Qianlong Dynasty, with a four-fold main hall and more than 100 houses, it was the largest temple in Pingli at that time, and was known as the "famous place".
In the early days of liberation, the Nüwa Temple was still well preserved. At this time, the Nüwa Temple was divided into three halls, that is, it was built on the natural landform of Santai, also known as "Santai Temple". The first floor is a patio, which contains a thousand-year-old osmanthus tree that five or six people can hug, known as the "Emperor of the Middle Emperor's Ancient Gui". The second floor is the worship hall, two rolling dragons holding pillars outside the hall, the building is quaint, the carved dragon painting building, the atmosphere is extraordinary; In front of the hall there is an official hat of the door god "Hu Jingde", which is two feet big, thicker than inches, and weighs about 80 or 90 kilograms, which is said to be forgotten by Hu Jingde when he went to the temple to incense. The third floor, due north, is the main hall, which is dedicated to the goddesses of Nuwa and the Eighteen Arhats. It is also divided into East Room, West Room and South Room. There is one door in the east and west rooms, and two doors in the south room, that is, the mountain gate Pingxin Gate.
On the top of the mountain, a mile away from the southwest side of the Nüwa Temple, there is a Jade Imperial Palace, that is, the palace of the Jade Emperor, a courtyard with the main hall and the fire temple, and the main hall is dedicated to the Jade Emperor. The Jade Palace only houses three or four monks, which is far less than the Nüwa Temple, but it is far from the Nüwa Temple, and it is a unique landscape. The Jade Palace was well preserved in the early days of liberation, but it was destroyed in the 1960s.
The architecture of the Nüwa Temple, the Jade Palace and the Pagoda Courtyard is very exquisite. The wood used in the construction is made of local materials, but the thousands of pillar pier stones used in the temple tower courtyard come from the fire rock of Ankang Xunyang County, which is extremely hard and has not been transformed for thousands of years. After quarrying, the stone was transported from the Bahe River by boat from Xujiaba, and then transported to Nüwa Mountain by ox pull, human lifting, wooden rolling and other methods. The bricks and tiles of the temple are also unique. From ancient times to the present, most of the mountain people in the area of Nüwa Mountain follow the way of building houses with earthen walls, wooden beams and stone covers, but the Nüwa Temple is a single color of green bricks and green tiles, and there are seven kinds of brick sizes, and the shapes are round bricks, square bricks, long bricks and thick bricks, thin bricks, and flower bricks. Considering the huge bricks and tiles and high quality of the temple, the craftsmen built a cellar yard on the back hill of the Nüwa Temple, and there is still a place name of "cellar field" on the back hill.
Pingli County collects a piece of "Zhonghuangshan Nüwa Temple Stele", which was written by Gu Feng of Renzhi County when Qing Yongzheng repaired the temple in the thirteenth year, and quoted ancient and modern documents to systematically expound the myths and legends of Nüwa. The temple stele is 3.3 meters high and 1.3 meters wide, and the European style is written in European style, which is made of 3 pieces of pear wood carving, and the craftsmanship is extremely exquisite, which is the largest wooden inscription found in Pingli.
In addition to the legend of Nüwa, there are many little-known folklore in Nüwa Mountain, although it sounds very magical, but there are relevant historical references, inscriptions and sights that are true. These legends put a veil of even more mystery over Nüwa Mountain.
In that year, the second foot of Nüwa lifted the stone to make up for the sky stepped on the side of the flat mountain, and later generations built the Nüwa Temple on the flat ground. On the other side of the unflattened hill adjacent to the Nüwa Temple, there is a "palace tomb" that is completely different from the local funeral customs, and the local people call it "Prince Tomb". Legend has it that the "Tomb of the Prince" has an unusual origin.
According to legend, Wu Zetian presided over the imperial government, demoted Emperor Zhongzong Li Xian to the title of King of Luling, and exiled Fang Prefecture. Li Xian's party crossed the Qinling Mountains in Chang'an, crossed the post post to southern Shaanxi, and traveled from Ankang to Fangzhou on the old official road, along the way the mountains were high and densely forested, sparsely populated, and had difficulty in food and accommodation. When passing through Nüwa Mountain, Che Ma Lawton, they admired the Nüwa Temple, ready to rest for a few days. Unexpectedly, infected with typhoid fever on the way, Li Xian's illness in the temple for more than a month did not heal, fortunately a small monk saddled the horse, served and lived every day, took care of food and drink every day, everything was meticulous, Li Xianfang continued to leave for Fangzhou after recovering. Li Xian, in gratitude to the young monk, accepted him as a righteous son and stayed in the temple before leaving.
Some time after Li Xian went to Fangzhou, he suddenly received a holy decree and ordered him to return to the palace and be crowned crown prince, and Li Xian did not take the road to Langao without Pingli. Li Xian later ascended the throne as emperor, and although he was entangled in imperial affairs, he did not forget the young monk who had been kind to him in the past, and sent people to go to Nüwa Mountain on horseback, and the young monk of Zhaoyizi entered the palace to be crowned. Unfortunately, after Li Xian left the temple, the young monk fell ill and died. Li Xian then decreed that the young monk be crowned crown prince, and follow the monk's custom to bury him nearby, so the tomb was named "Prince Tomb".
In the chapter "Empress Zetian" in the New Book of Tang, it is recorded that "in February of the first year of Guangzhai, the deposed emperor was King Luling. In March of the first year of the Holy Calendar, the king of Luling was summoned to Fangzhou, and the king of Luling was sent to Zifangzhou... Li Luling Wang Xian as the crown prince..." It is also recorded in the chapter "Emperor Zhongzong": "Emperor Zhongzong and Emperor Dazhao Xiaoxiao, the seventh son of Emperor Gaozong." The mother is the Empress Wu of Tianshun. Emperor Gaozongben took the throne as the crown prince, the emperor, and the empress dowager was ruled by the imperial court. In the first month of the first year of the reign of Emperor Sheng, he was deposed at Junzhou (present-day Danjiang, Hubei), and then in Fangzhou. In the second year of the Holy Calendar, he was restored to the crown prince. "Pingli is a necessary place to go to Fangzhou, and the Hanbaiguan Road passes through the Nüwa Temple. The TV series "Daming Palace Ancestral Hall" also tells that Li Xian was demoted and exiled to Fangzhou. These experiences of Li Xian, a historical record, corroborate the origin of the "Tomb of the Prince".
The "Prince Tomb" lives alone at the top of Nüwa Mountain, and the size and shape of the tomb are also very different from the local funerary customs. Pingli is located in Daba Mountain, adjacent to eastern Sichuan and western Hubei, and the burials are mostly in this place, the cemetery covers an area slightly larger than a bed, and the grave head is shaped like a large and small head, that is, the head is large and the tail is small, and the head is high and the tail is low. The "Prince Tomb" is a semi-circular shape with a circumference of about 30 meters and a height of about 5 meters, surrounded by bluestone and covered with loess, and the tomb shape is typical of the funeral customs of the relatives of Emperor Chang'an of the Tang Dynasty in Guanzhong. The monks of the Nüwa Temple have always cremated and hid their ashes in the tower of the pagoda courtyard, and it is impossible for outsiders to come to the temple base for burial. This can also be explained by the fact that the monks are buried in the "Tomb of the Prince"; The "Tomb of the Prince" belongs to the funeral of the Tang court. Therefore, the origin of the "prince's tomb" is credible.
Just 3 kilometers west of Nüwa Mountain Liang is Hejiagou Village, which is famous for its "Three Sisters' Tombs" and is miraculous. In July of the 32nd year of Guangxu, the three sisters and brothers of the Zhang family buried here recorded that they could recite the scriptures without learning, could write without learning, and did not know everything about the cooking of the Ding Burning Medicine. When the sisters and sisters were dying when they were not in time, they ordered them to bathe and change their clothes one by one, and they died with a few strokes. That is, after the death, gather the heroic spirits, appear far away, heal people's diseases, heal every time they are cured, ask them to live in the surname Yun, and grow up Nuwa Shan Zhang surname is also. The sisters accompanied the blossoms of the world, and then there were incense bearers who hung up the tomb, and they knew that they had ascended the immortal fruit. ”
Next to the tomb of the three sisters there is a small three-story tower, made of green bricks. During the Cultural Revolution in the 1960s, some of the rebels demolished the tower, and when they were demolished to the base of the tower, they suddenly saw a large wooden altar covered with a wooden cover. The rebels thought it was a treasure in the tower, but when they opened the wooden lid, they suddenly found a woman sitting inside the altar, with a red scarf on her head and not moving at all. The bold man then removed the scarf, and a wisp of green smoke ascended to heaven, and the man was reduced to ashes, leaving white bones. In amazement, the crowd rushed to fill the wooden altar with a back earth. The current tower no longer exists, only a pile of green bricks remains. This incident is very bizarre, but Wang Daofang, an 85-year-old old woman in Hejiagou Village, confirmed that she witnessed it at the scene when the tower was demolished; Liao Jinyu, a 65-year-old villager in Hejiagou Village, also confirmed that it was he who took the lead in demolishing the tower as a small leader of the rebels, which is true; Zhang Youzhong, a retired teacher, told the author that the person in the tower was his fifth aunt, who was 17 years old when he died, and had the habit of meditating when he was alive, often meditating on the lid of the cabinet for several days, closing his eyes and nourishing his spirits, and not eating water.
Biwa Island is an important scenic spot for ecological leisure in Pingli County, and it is also the base of Nüwa Mountain Scenic Area. 9 kilometers away from the county seat, Huxin Island is named for its pipa-like shape.
The scenic area is more than 300 acres, of which the water area is about 200 acres, the aquaculture on the island, the mountain vegetation is well protected, surrounded by water, surrounded by green mountains, and the natural scenery is very beautiful. Fishing, boating, swimming, sightseeing and other tourism projects are being developed here. Here is the base of the famous tea "Sanliya" Maojian tea, there are thousands of acres of sightseeing tea gardens, tourists can bring tools, pick their own tea, make their own, enjoy the fun brought by labor, you can also sit in the leisure room while tasting tea while enjoying tea performances. There are several ancient medicine trees in the scenic area, one of which is worshipped by people near and far, honored as "the old master of the medicine tree", praying for spiritual experience, and the incense is extremely strong.
The island originally had a tomb of Wu Hanlin of the Qing Dynasty Eight Provinces, an antique building, with a monument building, the scale was very large, it was destroyed in 1974, and now 5 tombstones are buried under the dam foundation, and are being searched for and planned to be restored as a scenic spot.
In 1979, the location of Nüwa Mountain Scenic Area was designated as the only forestry township in Shaanxi Province, named Nüwa Mountain Township. The forest coverage rate of the township is more than 95%, the main production of pine cedar, rich in shiitake mushrooms, fungus, silk, chestnuts, kiwi fruit and other specialties and carbon, limestone and other minerals. There are 10 administrative villages and 66 villager groups in the township, with an agricultural population of 7690 people.
The "Stele of the Temple of the Emperor of the Emperor's Mountain" contains the landscape clouds of Nüwa Mountain: "Its height is three thousand thousand, its meandering is like a dragon, its flat is like an embankment, the hills are undulating, it stretches for forty-five miles, and it is not aware of its height, and the top of the mountain, then the mountains are all under it, and it is ashamed to see the arches of a thousand rocks, and the momentum of the ten thousand ravines is competing." Wang Huimin of the Qing Dynasty also wrote in the poem "Climbing Nüwa Mountain": "The path is curved and the plates are green, and the peaks are high and the sky is blue; The clouds are deep in the trees to guide the way, the birds are peeking at the springs, and the ancient temples are carrying snow; The smoke of the trees in the forest is long, and the peaks of thousands of mountains are extended by thinking and making up for things. The text vividly depicts the natural scenery of Nüwa Mountain. It can be seen that Nüwa Mountain is tall and magnificent, with undulating mountains, thousands of mountains, clouds and mist, and tortuous streams.
Nüwa Mountain not only has ancient, sacred and long-standing magical legends and temple ruins, remnants of inscriptions, but also today's beautiful and mythical natural scenery: every time it rains and the sky is clear, the water vapor rises, forming clouds and mist, fluttering with the wind, known as the "sea of clouds", the landscape has "flying clouds chasing mountains", "fog around the mountains", "Songtao Fury"... Through the sea of clouds, watching the red sun rise in the east, it is like watching the sunrise from the sea. The snow falls early every year, so "Emperor Qingxue" is one of the eight scenic spots in the old days.
The Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Guanzhong and the Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor in northern Shaanxi have long been well-known at home and abroad, but southern Shaanxi is still "hiding in the depths of nobody", especially the legend of Nüwa and the remains of Nüwa Mountain are even less well known in Pingli.
Blue water flies, purple clouds, floating clouds wanderer, sigh the magic of creation; Pangu Nuwa, refining stones to replenish the heavens, the sun and moon are radiant, and the vigorous eyes are full of life. People say that "there is the Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor in the north and Nüwa Mountain in the south." With the pace of the times, it is believed that Nüwa Mountain will be recognized and understood by the world again.
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